A playground game can become confusing when important instructions are given only through a whistle, shouted command or a conversation that happens while people look away. Simple visual signals and shared rules can make participation easier for deaf and hard-of-hearing children—and can also help other children follow the game.
Ask the child what communication works best
Deaf children are not one uniform group. Some use British Sign Language, some spoken language, some both, and others prefer written or picture instructions. Ask the child and family which approach is appropriate. Face the group when speaking and make sure everyone can see the demonstration before the activity starts.
Four playground games with visual cues
1. Green card, red card
Replace an audible start-and-stop command with large, contrasting cards held high enough to be seen. Agree what each colour means and demonstrate before play. Do not rely on colour alone: include a distinct symbol or shape for children with colour-vision differences.
2. Follow the leader
Children take turns demonstrating a simple movement such as stepping sideways, stretching or moving around a marker. Everyone watches the leader rather than waiting for a shouted instruction. Allow children to lead through pictures or gestures.
3. Pass and point
In a small circle, a player points to the intended recipient before rolling or gently passing a soft ball. Make sure the recipient is looking and ready. Use a large, soft ball and keep throws below face height.
4. Team route builder
Groups arrange three picture stations around a clear play area. Each station has a visible symbol and a demonstrated action. Children can move between stations at their own pace, with a partner if they choose.
Safety and inclusion checks
Position the adult where all participants can see the signal. Stop the game if sightlines become blocked. Agree an accessible way to communicate urgent safety information. Avoid surprise taps or physical prompts without the child’s agreement. Ensure children using hearing technology have the support and equipment arrangements recommended by their family or specialist team.
Plan with children, not just for them
The National Deaf Children’s Society recommends visual signals and clear pre-game instructions as practical ways to reduce communication barriers in sport. Ask participants afterwards what worked and what should change next time. The Activity Alliance STEP approach can help adults adapt space, tasks, equipment and people.
Our mirror movement games offer another visual, partner-led activity, while our seated movement ideas show how one game can include different movement styles.
Quick checklist for adults
- Ask how the child prefers to receive instructions.
- Demonstrate rules where everyone can see.
- Use visual start and stop signals.
- Agree an accessible safety alert.
- Check that everyone can follow the game before beginning.
